In recent weeks I
have seen a lot of pro-vaccine articles emphasizing the importance of getting
your children and yourself vaccinated for the prevention of disease. I think
its important that I take some time to go over the actual peer-reviewed
literature regarding vaccination, and hope you will look at the actual facts
instead of reading ignorant pseudoscience posted by the mainstream media – and
largely re-posted by people who have never even read a single peer-reviewed
article in the biomedical journals regarding vaccination. The biggest mistake
you can make when it comes to making informed health decisions is to take a
doctor’s advice without researching the benefit-to-risk ratio associated with
those decisions.
There are many
diseases we are told to vaccinate against, but one that has gotten a lot of
hype lately in the U.S. is Bordetella
Pertussis (whooping cough). This is a highly contagious bacteria that
affected nearly 27,500 Americans in 2010, resulting in 27 reported deaths,
according to the CDC. This particular bacteria must be confirmed by a specific
lab test that is rarely ordered, because physicians rely on a list of symptoms
to diagnosis this condition. Therefore, misdiagnosis is a common problem when
it comes to these values, but for argument’s sake let’s assume that the
reported value is correct. There are approximately 308 million people in the
United States. In one year, 27,500 were diagnosed with whooping cough. Of those
27,500 diagnosed cases, 27 people ending up dying from complications related to
B. Pertussis. To place these values into a risk assessment, the chance of
contracting whooping cough and then developing a fatal complication is
estimated at 1 in 11,400,000. To put this number into perspective, a child’s
chance of dying in a car accident is 1 in 23,000; mathematically speaking, your
child is 496 times more likely to die on the way to get the vaccine than to die
from the bacteria itself.
That’s the risk argument,
but there is also the effectiveness argument. As demonstrated by the table
below, around 1918 the death rate for pertussis was about 17 per 100,000, or
0.017%. By the time the pertussis vaccine was widely used, the rate of death
had already declined to about 0.002%. Whooping cough was on the decline, and in
fact almost totally wiped out, by the time the vaccine was introduced for
widespread use. Improved sanitation and hygiene, not a vaccine, are largely
responsible for the reduction in the number of pertussis cases.
Risk and effectiveness aside, there is still the issue – and
it’s a huge one – of side effects. Depending upon the vaccine manufacturer, the
pertussis vaccine may contain varying amounts of inactivated pertussis toxin,
filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin, fimbriae, formaldehyde, polysorbate
80 (Tween 80), gluteraldehyde, 2-phenoxoyethanol, aluminum and thimerosal
(mercury), among other things. Now, most vaccine advocates will say “yes the vaccine
contains all those adjuvants but, only in trace amounts so it’s not harmful to
your body.” This argument is among the most ignorant I have ever heard. If I
were to take all the preservatives in the vaccines that are recommended for our
children and inject them into an apple, and then asked you to eat it, I can
guarantee that you wouldn’t do it! If I dumped those same adjuvants into a
lake, I’d be arrested for contamination. So why is it ok to inject those things
directly into our bloodstream, and then say it doesn’t “harm the body?” And for
what - to help “prevent” 27 deaths? The irony is that many people who choose to
vaccinate also choose to buy organic foods because they don’t want their kids
to consume trace amount of insecticides and pesticides, yet they run to their
family doctor for vaccinations that contain known carcinogens to help “prevent”
sickness.
Every 4-5 years there is always going to be a spike in
pertussis outbreaks, no matter what country you look at or what the vaccination
rate is. The massive decline in the prevalence of pertussis in the mid-1900’s
was due to advances in sanitation and cleanliness, not because of vaccination.
I would encourage everyone reading this post to read the article “Unexpectedly Limited Durability of Immunity
Following Acellular Pertussis Vaccination in Pre-Adolescents in a North
American Outbreak” published in the Journal
of Clinical Infectious Disease. All the references cited in this article
are from the peer-reviewed biomedical journals.
It is so frustrating to hear other healthcare professionals
proudly state that vaccines are safe and effective “according to the research.”
When asked “what research?” They will respond in 1 of 2 ways: Either they are
completely surprised because no one has ever asked that question, or they will
point to literature that has been published regarding scientific studies funded
by the pharmaceutical companies selling the vaccine. Double Blinded Randomized
Controlled Trials (RCT’s) are the gold standard for conducting scientific
studies. Did you know that there are absolutely no double blinded RCT’s to date that test the safety and
effectiveness of ANY vaccines? Yet I hear all too often that “the research”
shows how effective these vaccines are. Very interesting. There has also never
been any research conducted on how these vaccines might affect our genetic
code. On all packaged vaccine inserts, it is clearly stated that these vaccines
have not been tested for carcinogenesis, mutagenesis, or impairment of
fertility. Below is a picture of an insert for the vaccine Daptacel, which is a
DTap (diptheria + tetanus + pertussis) vaccination, so you can see for yourself.
Just so you know, mutagenesis is something that causes
mutations within genes. Carcinogenesis is a something that causes cancers. When
it comes to scientific research, it is important to disclose that “only 15% of
all medical procedures have been found to be supported by any literature at all
and only 1% of that literature has actually been deemed scientifically rigorous”
according to an article published in the British
Medical Journal, a highly respected peer-reviewed journal (Smith R. Br Med J 1991;303:798-799). So, for those of you who like to preach
vaccination and point fingers in an attempt to ostracize the families who
choose not to vaccinate, I highly recommend that you read the actual
peer-reviewed literature regarding this topic before posting links from your
poorly referenced, opinionated blogs, newspapers, and magazines.
This post is not intended to say it is right or wrong to
choose to vaccinate or not vaccinate. The point I want to make is that you
should not be so quick to judge those who choose not to vaccinate - most of the
time those who judge do not have all the facts and have opinions based on
misinformation. To the parents who are worried about non-vaccinated kids being
in classes with your own - if you are so sure vaccines are effective, then what
do you have to worry about? I want to make one thing clear: I am not
anti-medicine. Medical doctors are brilliant when it comes to saving lives. I
would want a medical doctor by my side if I was in some sort of life-threatening
accident. M.D’s save lives every day, they “put out the fire” so you can have a
second chance to live when something terrible has happened, but you do not call
the same people that put out the fire to come rebuild your house.
The best thing you can do to ensure your family’s health and
your own is to make sure you give the body its genetic requirements in order to
express health and wellness, so that the immune system can be as strong as
possible. For instance, Vitamin D is a genetic requirement and should be
supplemented every day for a strong immune system. Probiotics
are also a genetic requirement and are imperative for healthy immune system
function and gut health – 75% percent of your immune system is located within
your GI tract, therefore it is important to supplement.
Whether you choose/chose to vaccinate or not, I hope that
after reading this you’ll consider looking into and educating yourselves
further in order to make the best healthcare decisions for you and your family.
Do not just listen to what your doctor (M.D, D.O, D.C.) tells you to do without
looking into the research yourself. If I were to ask you why you chose to
vaccinate or chose not to vaccinate, I hope you have a very confident answer
based upon actual literature and evidence, not “because my doctor told me to.”
If anyone has any questions whatsoever regarding the
information in this post, please contact me and I would love to answer your
questions.
Thanks,
Dr. Brady
References:
- Safety & Immunogenicity of Pentavalent (DTaP5-IPV-Hib) Vaccine. Vol 123, No. 1, Jan. 2009, pp 301-312.
- Acute Myocarditis After DPT Vaccination – Asian Cardiovascular & Thoracic Annals 2006; 14:e111-e112. An infant develops acute myocarditis after the DPT vaccination, and dies while waiting for a heart transplant
- Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine
- Madge N. Diamond J, Miller D, Ross E, et al. The National Childhood Encephalopathy Study: A 10-Year Follow-Up. A report of the medical, social, behavioral, and educational outcomes after serious, acute neurological illness in early childhood. Dev Med Child Neurol 193;68:35:1-118
- Pediatrics – August 2005 study on effectiveness of DPT vaccine
- Gold, R. Pertussis: The Disease & the Vaccine. Canadian Family Physician. Vol 32, January 1986, pp. 79-83.
- Legido A, Tenembaum SN, Katsetos CD, Menkes JH. Autoimmune & Postinfectious Diseases (Chapter 8). Child Neurology – 7th Edition. Lippencott Williams & Wilkins, 2006. Pages 631-634 (Neurologic Complications of Immunizations).
- Grilc E, Pirnat N. Pertussis outbreak in recently vaccinated children in a kindergarten in Ljubljana during a resurgence in pertussis incidence. Eurosurveillance. Vol. 10, Issue 33. 18 August 2005.
- Sidney M, Furman BL, Wardlaw AC. Effect of hyperreactivity to endotoxin on the toxicity of pertussis vaccine and pertussis toxin in mice.Vaccine. Vol. 7, Issue 3. June 1989. Pages 237-241.
- World Health Organization (WHO). Requirements for Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis 7 Combined Vaccines (Revised 1989). Technical Report Series, No) 500. 1990. Steinman L, Weiss A et al. Pertussis toxin is required for pertussis vaccine encephalopathy. Proc Natl Acad Sci, 1985. December; 82(24) 8733-8736.
- Hofstetter HH, Shive CL, Forsthuber TC. Pertussis Toxin Modulates the Immune Response to Neuroantigens Injected in Incomplete Freund’s Adjuvant: Induction of Th1 Cells and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in the Presence of High Frequencies of Th2 Cells. The Journal of Immunology, 2002. 169: 117-125.
- Gupta RK, Relyveid EH. Adverse reactions after injection of adsorbed diptheria – pertussis – tetanus (DPT) vaccine are not due only to pertussis organisms or pertussis components in the vaccine. Vaccine. Vol. 9, Issue 10. October 1991. Pages 699-702.
- Bergfors E, Trollfors B, Inerot A. Unexpectedly high incidence of persistent itching nodules and delayed hypersensitivity to aluminum in children after the use of adsorbed vaccines from a single manufacturer. Vaccine. Vol. 22, Issue 1. December 8, 2003. Pages 64-69.
- Rimaniol AC, Gras G et al. Aluminum hydroxide adjuvant induces macrophage differentiation towards a specialized antigen-presenting cell type. Vaccine. Vol. 22, Issues 23-24. 13 August 2004. Pages 3127-3135.
- Mooi F R, van LooIHM, King A. Adaptation of Bordetella pertussis to Vaccination: A Cause for its Reemergence? Emerging Infectious Diseases. Vol. 7, No. 3 Supplement June 2001.
- Srugo I, Benilevi D et al. Pertussis Infection in Fully Vaccinated Children in Day-Care Centers, Israel. Emerging Infectious Diseases. Vol. 6, No. 5 September-Oct. 2000.
- Brooks DA, Clover R. Pertussis Infection in the United States: Role for Vaccination of Adolescents and Adults. Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine 19:603-611. 2006.
- Kheief N, Danve B etal. Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis: two immunologically distinct species. Infection & Immunity. 1993 February; 61(2): 486-490.
- He Q, Vijanen MK et al. Whooping Cough Caused by Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis in an Immunized Population. JAMA. 1998; 280: 635-637.
- Liese JG, Renner C. Clinical and epidemiological picture of B pertussis and B parapertussis infections after introduction of acellular pertussis vaccines. Archives of Diseases in Childhood 2003; 88: 684-687.
- Magin K. Low vaccination rates cause worry over whooping cough. The Union (Nevada). June 15, 2010.
- LabCorp. A Technical Review: Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella parapertussis Detection using Real-time PCR. 2007.
- Preston A. Bordetella pertussis: the intersection of genomics and pathobiology. Canadian Medical Association Journal. July 5, 2005. 173 (1)
- A Simple Chemically Defined Medium for the Production of Phase I Bordetella pertussis; D.W. Stainer and M.J. Scholte; 1971. Describes the Stainer-Scholte growth medium for pertussis; also explains how pertussis vaccine acts as an adjuvant (booster) to diphtheria and tetanus vaccines
- Clinical & Experimental Medicine: The Current Epidemiology of Pertussis in the Developed World; 1988; 13 Suppl: 97-101
- DPT Vaccine and Chronic Nervous Dysfunction: A New Analysis, Institutes of Medicine. Washington, DC:National Academy Press, 1994
- Baraff, L.J., et al. 1983. Possible temporal association between diphtheria-tetanus toxoid-pertussis-vaccination and sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatric Infectious Disease 2(1):7-11.
- Barkin, R.M., and Pichichero, M.E. 1979. Diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus vaccine: Reactogenicity of commercial products. Pediatrics 63(2):256-60.
- Berg, J.M. 1958. Neurological complications of pertussis immunization. British Medical Journal (July 5), 24,-27.
- Byers, R.K., and Moll, F.C. 1948. Encephalopathies following propylactic pertussis vaccination. Pediatrics 1(4):437-56.
- Cavanaugh, N.P.C., et al. 1981. The possible adjuvant role of bordetella pertussis and pertussis vaccine in causing severe encephalopathic illness: A presentation of three case histories. Neuropediatrics 12 (4):374-81.
- Champsaur, H., et al. 1982. Virologic, immunologic, and genetic factors in insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Journal of Pediatrics 100(1):15-20.
- Cockburn, W.C. 1951. Whooping cough immunization. Practitioner 167:232-36.
- Cody, C.L., et al. 1981. Nature and rates of adverse reactions associated with DPT and DT immunizations in infants and children. Pediatrics 68(5):650-60.
- Coulter, H.L., and Fisher, B.L. 1985. DPT: A Shot in the Dark, New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
- Dick, G.W.A. 1967. Reactions to the pertussis component of quadruple and triple vaccines. International Symposium on Combined Vaccines, Masburg. Symposia Series in Immunobiological Standardization 7:21-28.
- Basel and New York Karger.
- Gerathy, K.C. 1984. DPT Immunization and SIDS. Journal of Pediatrics 105:169-170.
- Globus, J.H., and Kohn, J.L. 1949. Encephalopathy following pertussis vaccine prophylaxis. Journal of the American Medical Association 141(8):507-9.
- Halpern, S.R., and Halpern, D. 1955. Reactions from DPT immunization and its relationship to allergic children. Journal of Pediatrics 47:60-67.
- Hanik, C.A. 1969. Major reactions after DPT-polio vaccination in the Netherlands. International Symposium of Pertussis, Bilthoven. Symposium Series on Immunobiological Standardization 13 161-70: Basel, Mughen, New York: Karger.
- Hannik, C.A. and Cohen, H. 1978. Changes in plasma insulin concentration and temperature of infants after pertussis vaccination. International Symposium on Pertussis, 297-99.
- Hennessen, W., and Quast, U. 1979. Adverse reactions after pertussis vaccination. International Symposium on Immunization: Benefits vs. Risk Factors, Brussels. Developments in Biological Standardization 43:95-100.
- Hinman, A.R., and Koplan, J. 1984. Pertussis and pertussis vaccine: Reanalysis of benefits, risks, and costs. Journal of the American Medical Association 251(23):3109-13.
- Koplan, J.P., et al. 1979. Pertussis vaccine –An analysis of benefits, risks, and costs. New England Journal of Medicine 301(17):906-11.
- Kulenkampff, M., et al. 1974. Neurologic complications of pertussis inoculation of pertussis inoculation. Archives of Disease in Childhood. 49 46-49.
- Linthicum, D.S., et al. 1982. Acute experimental autoimmune encephaloyelitis in mice. Cellular Immunology 73:229-310.
- Low, N.L. 1955. Electroencephalographic studies following pertussis immunization. Journal of Pediatrics 47: 35-39.
- Menkes JH, Kinsbourne M. Neuropediatr 1990;21:171-6
- Pollack, T.M., et al. 1984. Severity of whooping cough in England before and after the decline in pertussis immunization. Archives of Disease in Childhood 59:162-165.
- Robinson, D.A., et al. 1981. Whooping Cough – a study of severity in hospital cases. Archives of Disease in Childhood 56:687-91.
- Steinman, L., et al. 1982. Murine model of pertussis vaccine encephalopathy: Linkage to H-2. Nature 299: 738-40.
- Stewart, G.T. 1977. Vaccination against whooping cough: Efficacy vs. risks. Lancet (January 29) 234-37.
- Stewart, G.T., et al. 1981. Pertussis vaccine and acute neurological disease in children. British Medical Journal (June 13), 1968-69.
- Strom, J. 1960. Is universal vaccination against pertussis always justified: British Medical Journal (October 22) 1184-86.
- Strom, J. 1967. Further experience of reactions, especially of a cerebral nature, in conjunction with triple vaccination: study based on vaccinations in Sweden, 1959-1965. British Medical Journal 4:320-23.
- Taranger, J. 1982. Mild clinical course of pertussis in Sweden. Lancet (June 12), 1360.
- Torch, W.C. 1982. Diptheria-pertussis-tetanus (DPT) immunization: A potential cause of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), American Academy of Neurology, 34th Annual Meeting, April25-May1. Neurology 32(4):pt. 2.
- Trollfors, B., and Rabo, E. 1981. Whooping cough in adults. British Medical Journal (September 12), 696-97.
- Trollfors, B., et al. 1984. Bordetella Pertussis Whole Cell Vaccines: Efficacy and Toxicity. Acta Pediatrica Scandinavica 73: 917-923.
- Valman, H.B. 1980. Contraindications to immunization. British Medical Journal (May 3), 1138-39.
- Werne, J., and Garrow, I. 1946. Fatal anaphylactic shock occurrence in identical twins following second injection of diptheria toxoid and pertussis antigen. Journal of the American Medical Association 131(9): 730-35.